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Notes On Making Cola

Issue 3

September 2005

This document was produced in conjunction with the Cube-Cola Project.

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Disclaimer: This document is copyright free. However you use any information contained within it at your own risk.

Contents

• 1. Some Basic Chemistry
  • 1.1. Molecules
    • 1.1.1. Non-polar Molecules
    • 1.1.2. Polar Molecules
  • 1.2. Solubility, Miscibility And Immiscibility
  • 1.3. Acidity And Dissociation
  • 1.4. Emulsions
    • 1.4.1. Types Of Emulsion
    • 1.4.2. Surface Energy
    • 1.4.3. Emulsion Failure
    • 1.4.4. The Origins Of Charged Droplets In Emulsions
  • 1.5. Stabilising Emulsions
    • 1.5.1. Electrostatic Stabilisation
    • 1.5.2. Polymeric Stabilisation
    • 1.5.3. Small Particles
    • 1.5.4. Surfactants
    • 1.5.5. Weighting Agents
• 2. A Few Cola Syrup Recipes
  • 2.1. The Original
  • 2.2. Another Supposed Original
  • 2.3. The Supposed Pepsi-Cola Recipe
  • 2.4. OpenSource Cola
  • 2.5. Stevia Natural Sweetener Sugar Free Cola
  • 2.6. Another Recipe
  • 2.7. Instantgum
• 3. General Notes On Cola Recipes
  • 3.1. Rumours
  • 3.2. Cola Emulsions And Emulsifiers
    • 3.2.1. Alcohol Flavour Extraction
    • 3.2.2. Emulsifiers
    • 3.2.3. Mixing
    • 3.2.4. Acidulants
    • 3.2.5. Antioxidants
    • 3.2.6. Preservatives
    • 3.2.7. Foaming Agents
• 4. A Review Of Ingredients
  • 4.1. Alcohol
  • 4.2. Benzoic Acid (E210) & Benzoates (E211)
  • 4.3. Caffeine
  • 4.4. Caramel (E150d)
  • 4.5. Carbon Dioxide (E290)
  • 4.6. Citric Acid (E330)
  • 4.7. Cola Nut
  • 4.8. Essential Oils
  • 4.8.1. Flavour Extraction
  • 4.8.2. Oil Extraction
  • 4.8.3. The Properties Of Essential Oils
  • 4.9. Glycerine (E442)
  • 4.10. Guar Gum (E412)
  • 4.11. Gum Arabic (E414)
  • 4.12. Phosphoric Acid (E388)
  • 4.13. Sugar
  • 4.14. Sulphur Dioxide (E 220)
  • 4.15. Water
  • 4.16. Xanthan Gum (E415)
• Appendix A1. Abbreviations
• Appendix A2. Metric/Imperial Conversions
• Appendix A3. Volume/Mass Conversions
• Appendix A4. Important Organic Functional Groups
• Appendix A5. Molecules Commonly Found In Essential Oils
  • A5.1. Terpenes
  • A5.2. Sesquiterpenes
  • A5.3. Oxygen Containing Molecules Derived From Terpenes
  • A5.4. Oxygen Containing Molecules Derived From Benzene
  • A5.5. Aliphatic Aldehydes
• Bibliography

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ITACA